简支梁桥横向分布加载装置及板梁模型试验研究

针对一种新型桥梁横向分布加载装置和3个不同有效铰缝高度的有机玻璃板梁桥实验模型,通过对模型梁进行横向加载实验,实测横向分布分析值与铰接板法理论分析值吻合较好.实测结果表明,铰缝有效高度对板梁的横向分布略有影响,铰接板法理论对工程设计是偏安全的.该实验加载装置装拆方便,占用空间小,不受场地限制,教学效果良好,可推广应用于相关高校同类专业实验教学中.     

ZIF-12在检测抗坏血酸和L-色氨酸中的应用

采用室温搅拌法合成分子筛咪唑框架-12(ZIF-12),对其进行了X-射线衍射、电镜扫描和红外表征.将其制备成ZIF-12/gelatin/GCE电化学传感器,并采用循环伏安法对检测抗坏血酸、L-色氨酸及抗坏血酸和L-色氨酸进行同步检测.结果表明,ZIF-12作为电化学传感器材料应用于对抗坏血酸、L-色氨酸及抗坏血酸和L-色氨酸的同步检测,有良好的电化学响应.     

Nacre-Inspired,Liquid Metal-Based Ultrasensitive Electronic Skin by Spatially Regulated Cracking Strategy

The realization of liquid metal-based wearable systems will be a milestone toward high-performance, integrated electronic skin. However, despite the revolutionary progress achieved in many other components of electronic skin, liquid metal-based flexible sensors still suffer from poor sensitivity due to the insufficient resistance change of liquid metal to deformation. Herein, a nacre-inspired architecture composed of a biphasic pattern (liquid metal with Cr/Cu underlayer) as “bricks” and strain-sensitive Ag film as “mortar” is developed, which breaks the long-standing sensitivity bottleneck of liquid metal-based electronic skin. With 2 orders of magnitude of sensitivity amplification while maintaining wide (>85%) working range, for the first time, liquid metal-based strain sensors rival the state-of-art counterparts. This liquid metal composite features spatially regulated cracking behavior. On the one hand, hard Cr cells locally modulate the strain distribution, which avoids premature cut-through cracks and prolongs the defect propagation in the adjacent Ag film. On the other hand, the separated liquid metal cells prevent unfavorable continuous liquid-metal paths and create crack-free regions during strain. Demonstrated in diverse scenarios, the proposed design concept may spark more applications of ultrasensitive liquid metal-based electronic skins, and reveals a pathway for sensor development via crack engineering.     

Turbulent boundary layer control with a spanwise array of DBD plasma actuators

The turbulent boundary layer control on NACA 0012 airfoil with Mach number ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 by a spanwise array of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma actuators by hot-film sensor technology is investigated.Due to temperature change mainly caused through heat produced along with plasma will lead to measurement error of shear stress measured by hot-film sensor,the correction method that takes account of the change measured by another sensor is used and works well.In order to achieve the value of shear stress change,we combine computational fluid dynamics computation with experiment to calibrate the hot-film sensor.To test the stability of the hot-film sensor,seven repeated measurements of shear stress at Ma = 0.3 are conducted and show that confidence interval of hot-film sensor measurement is from-0.18 to 0.18 Pa and the root mean square is 0.11 Pa giving a relative error 0.5％over all Mach numbers in this experiment.The research on the turbulent boundary layer control with DBD plasma actuators demonstrates that the control makes shear stress increase by about 6％over the three Mach numbers,which is thought to be reliable through comparing it with the relative error 0.5％,and the value is hardly affected by burst frequency and excitation voltage.     

跨行政区游憩空间柔性一体化研究 ——以高莱茵河沿岸地区为例

随着城市化与区域一体化的迅速发展,不同行政区之间的联动关系越来越紧密,这种联动关系在城市各功能空间的设计上有所体现,更渗透到了与市民息息相关的游憩空间建构之中。受制于行政管理等方面的原因,在跨行政区的游憩空间一体化实施过程中,往往会采取一系列柔性措施。以欧洲高莱茵河沿岸地区为研究对象,分析高莱茵河沿岸地区游憩空间的发展与现状,总结其游憩空间体系的构建特点,为中国跨城市河流沿岸的游憩空间柔性一体化建构提供策略与建议。     

冰蓄冷空调直接供冷电费贯序削减趋优控制方法

冰蓄冷空调优化控制方法中,基于智能算法的控制方法建模及求解复杂,可行性差,而工程常用的控制方法经济效益不佳.为解决上述问题,首先,以机组工况容量、蓄冰容量为约束条件,以日运行费用最小为目标函数,构建冰蓄冷空调优化运行的数学模型.然后,提出一种基于直接供冷电费贯序削减的冰蓄冷空调趋优控制方法,根据电价及直接供冷电费的排序安排制冰及融冰的时段,经迭代计算可寻得优化解.最后,与GAMS软件优化结果相比较,验证该方法的有效性,与工程常用的控制方法相比较,验证所提的方法的经济性和可行性.     

催化剂级配技术在加氢改质装置上的工业应用

基于柴油产品质量升级的需求,中国石化大连石油化工研究院(FRIPP)开发了FHIDW加氢改质技术及配套FF-46加氢精制催化剂、FC-14B加氢改质催化剂和FDW-3临氢降凝催化剂.该技术及催化剂级配体系在格尔木炼油厂0.8 Mt·a-1加氢改质装置上的工业应用情况表明,级配催化剂体系对原料适应性强,装置运转平稳,操作灵活性高,催化剂失活速率慢,产品分布合理且质量优异,在降低柴油产品凝点的同时可以明显改善其密度和十六烷值,解决了改造前装置生产重柴油密度偏低的问题,为炼油厂生产符合国V质量标准的柴油提供了技术保障.     

纳米级超声造影剂的理论研究进展

为了克服超声造影剂中微米级气泡尺寸较大的局限性,大量研究人员对超声应用的替代造影剂(纳米级造影剂)进行了研究。随着生物纳米技术的飞速发展,纳米级超声造影剂在诊断与治疗领域有着广阔的发展前景。与超声造影剂中的微米级气泡相比,纳米级造影剂粒径较小,渗透能力极强,可以通过血管内皮间隙,进而可以实现血管外病变部位的显影。文中详细论述了超声造影剂在超声作用下的行为以及2种主要的纳米级造影剂:纳米气泡和纳米液滴造影剂,对其理论研究进展进行了总结,并提出了目前仍存在的一些问题及其未来的研究方向。